1.Classify the following argument as Inductive or Deductive (1 point):

In all non-human primate species, if the males are on average larger and stronger than females, then the species is polygamous. Male humans are larger and stronger on average than female humans.

Conclusion: The human species is polygamous.

2.Classify the following argument as Inductive or Deductive (1 point):

Iridium is an element that is rare on Earth but relatively abundant in many meteorites.
Unusually high concentrations of iridium are present in a specific layer of rock strata of the Earth’s crust.
This rock strata was part of the Earth’s surface 65 million years ago.

Conclusion: A large asteroid hit the Earth about 65 million years ago.

3.Classify the following argument as Inductive or Deductive (1 point):

All birds have a furcula (wishbone).

Conclusion: This bird has a furcula.

4.Which description applies to the following argument (1 point)?

If scientists can’t prove species have evolved naturally, then intelligent design theories regarding the evolution of life on earth must be correct.

Scientists have proven that species evolved naturally.

Intelligent design theories regarding the evolution of life on earth are incorrect.

1. 1. A valid instance of modus tollens
   2. A valid instance of modus ponens
   3. An invalid instance of denying the antecedent
   4. An invalid instance of affirming the consequent

5. Which description applies to the following argument (1 point)?

If the earth is constantly in motion despite our sensory experiences telling us otherwise, then our sensory experiences must be unreliable.

The earth is constantly in motion.

Our sensory experiences are unreliable.

a)A valid instance of modus tollens

b)A valid instance of modus ponens

c)An invalid instance of denying the antecedent

d)An invalid instance of affirming the consequent

6. An individual who claims that we have no good reason to assume the future will be like the past is (1 point):

a)An external world skeptic

b)A structural realist

c)An inductive skeptic

d) A phenomenalist

7.Define the Naturalistic Fallacy (1 point), and provide an example of your own creation (i.e. not one found on a class handout or discussed in class) (1 point)

8.Define Social Norms (1 point) and provide an example of a social norm that you experience in your daily life (1 point)